What Is Pericarditis (And Why Better Treatments Matter)

Pericarditis is a condition most people have never heard of – until they or someone they love is diagnosed with it.

At its core, pericarditis is inflammation of the pericardium, the thin, sac-like membrane that surrounds the heart. This membrane helps protect the heart and allows it to move smoothly as it beats. When it becomes inflamed, that smooth movement turns painful, and in some cases, dangerous.

Pericarditis can come on suddenly. It often causes sharp chest pain, which can feel frighteningly similar to a heart attack. Some patients experience shortness of breath, fatigue, or a general feeling of being unwell. For many, the symptoms improve with treatment, but for a significant number, the disease comes back again and again.

This is known as recurrent pericarditis, and it can turn what should be a short-term illness into a long, disruptive and emotionally exhausting condition.

How Common Is Pericarditis?
Pericarditis is more common than many people realize.

It is estimated that hundreds of thousands of cases occur globally each year, and it accounts for a meaningful percentage of emergency room visits for chest pain. While it can affect people of many ages, it often strikes otherwise healthy, working-age adults – adding to its personal, social and economic burden.

In many cases, the initial trigger may be:
· A viral infection
· Another inflammatory or autoimmune condition
· A medical procedure or injury
· Or, in some cases, the cause is never clearly identified

What makes pericarditis particularly challenging is not just the first episode – it’s the risk of recurrence.

When Pericarditis Becomes a Chronic Problem
For a significant number of patients, pericarditis doesn’t simply resolve and disappear.

Instead, they experience:
· Repeated flare-ups
· Cycles of improvement and relapse
· Ongoing anxiety about when symptoms will return
· Disruption to work, family life, and physical activity

Each recurrence is not only painful and stressful – it also means the heart is being exposed to repeated inflammatory injury.

Over time, this can increase the risk of complications and long-term heart problems.

How Is Pericarditis Treated Today?
Today’s standard treatments focus on reducing inflammation and relieving pain. These often include:
· NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs)
· Colchicine
· In some cases, immunosuppressants (e.g., corticosteroids; IL-1 blocker biologics)

These treatments are helpful and, in many patients, necessary. But they also have important limitations:

· They are broad, non-specific anti-inflammatory tools
· Some are not ideal for long-term use
· They often focus on managing symptoms rather than changing the underlying disease process
· In some patients, symptoms return as soon as treatment is reduced or stopped

For patients with recurrent pericarditis, this can mean years of cycling on and off medication, never knowing when the next flare will happen.

Why Better Treatments Are Needed
The core problem in pericarditis is inflammation – not just as a side effect, but as the driver of the disease itself.

A more durable solution requires therapies that are targeted to be disease-modifying, more suitable for longer-term use and designed to address the inflammatory process at its source.

This is part of a broader shift happening in cardiology: moving from simply managing the consequences of inflammation to treating inflammation as a fundamental disease mechanism.

How Cardiol Is Approaching Pericarditis Differently
At Cardiol Therapeutics, our work is built around a simple idea: offering a safe, non-immune suppressing therapy, that has the potential to be disease modifying. Our lead clinical program in pericarditis is being evaluated in the pivotal MAVERIC trial, a Phase III study focused on patients with recurrent pericarditis.

Rather than focusing only on short-term symptom relief, this program is designed to evaluate whether a targeted, mechanism-driven approach can help:
· Reduce disease recurrences
· Improve consistency of control
· And potentially change the long-term course of the condition

Why This Matters for Patients
For people living with recurrent pericarditis, better treatments don’t just mean fewer pills or fewer hospital visits.

They mean:
· More predictable lives
· Less fear of sudden relapse
· Greater confidence in returning to work, exercise, and normal activities
· And, ultimately, better long-term heart health

Looking Ahead
Pericarditis is a painful, disruptive, and too often recurring disease. While today’s treatments help many patients, they are associated with challenges and limitations.

As our understanding of inflammatory heart disease continues to evolve, so too does the opportunity to build precise, durable, and patient-centered therapies that offer the potential for a disease-modifying approach and address the challenges and limitations associated with current treatment options.

That is the future Cardiol is working toward with CardiolRx™, and why programs like MAVERIC matter.